A Look at the History of Restraint and Evolution
You May Also Like: History of RestraintĀ
Historically, restraint was seen as an appropriate response to disruptive behavior in schools and caregiving institutions. Rooted in control, these practices were designed to enforce order and compliance, often without consideration of underlying factors that might drive challenging behaviors. In many cases, restraint was a blanket solution applied without examining the needs of the individual, leading to practices that often caused more harm than good.
Shifting Perspectives: A Focus on Understanding Behavior
As fields like psychology, psychiatry, and special education developed, so did an understanding of the complexity of human behavior. Professionals began to recognize that challenging behaviors often stemmed from emotional distress, trauma, or unaddressed needs rather than simply “bad behavior.” The emerging field of trauma-informed care shed light on the negative impacts of restraint and underscored the need for approaches that focus on understanding, de-escalation, and compassion.
In the 1970s and 1980s, a growing awareness of the potential harm caused by restraintāboth physical and psychologicalābegan to take root in educational and care settings. Advocacy groups and mental health professionals pushed for reforms, arguing that restraint should be a last resort and not a first-line response. This period marked the beginning of a shift from punitive approaches to those that emphasized empathy, prevention, and the importance of addressing the root causes of challenging behavior.
Policy Evolution and Best Practices in Restraint
Over the past few decades, policies around restraint have evolved significantly. Legislative changes and professional standards now emphasize restraint as a last resort, employed only when a person’s behavior poses an immediate threat to themselves or others. In the U.S., many states have implemented laws restricting the use of restraint in schools, particularly for students with disabilities. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and other federal guidelines also promote alternatives to restraint and encourage the use of positive behavior supports.
The evolution of restraint practices is also evident in the training provided to educators and caregivers. Today, professionals are increasingly trained in de-escalation techniques, trauma-informed care, and restorative practices. These approaches aim to prevent situations from escalating to the point where restraint might be considered. By focusing on proactive, preventative measures, schools and care facilities can create safer, more supportive environments for all individuals.
Impact on Students, Staff, and the Learning Environment
The shift away from restraint-centered practices has had profound effects on both students and staff. For students, especially those with a history of trauma, avoiding restraint can mean the difference between feeling safe and feeling threatened in an educational environment. Students who feel understood and supported are more likely to engage in learning and experience emotional growth. When restraint is used sparingly and responsibly, it protects the dignity of students and reduces the risk of emotional harm.
For educators and caregivers, the evolution of restraint practices has led to a greater focus on skill-building and relationship development. By learning de-escalation techniques and gaining a deeper understanding of trauma and behavioral triggers, staff members feel more equipped to handle challenging situations without resorting to restraint. This approach not only enhances the safety of the environment but also fosters a culture of empathy and respect.
The history of restraint reflects a larger shift in how we approach challenging behavior in educational and caregiving settings. Today, restraint is seen not as a solution but as a last resort in an environment that prioritizes connection, understanding, and dignity.
This evolution serves as a reminder that, as our understanding of human behavior deepens, so too must our commitment to practices that honor the well-being of every individual.
About Mindset
Mindset is dedicated to equipping educators and caregivers with the tools needed to support students’ emotional and behavioral well-being.
Through comprehensive training in trauma-informed care, de-escalation strategies, and intentional connection, Mindset empowers professionals to create safe, empathetic learning environments.
By fostering a culture of understanding and respect, Mindset helps schools and care facilities address the unique challenges students and staff face, particularly in times of crisis. At Mindset, we believe that every individual deserves a compassionate, supportive environment where they can grow, learn, and thrive.
